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SALVADOR DALI (1904-1989)

Salvador Dali was born Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí y Domenech in Figueras, Spain, on May 11, 1904. Spanish painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and designer, Dali passed through phases of Cubism, Futurism and Metaphysical painting, he joined the Surrealists in 1929 and his talent for self-publicity rapidly made him the most famous representative of the movement. Salvador Dali is considered as the greatest artist of the surrealist art movement and one of the greatest masters of art of the twentieth century.

Salvador Dali was born as the son of a prestigious notary in the small town of Figuera in Northern Spain. His talent as an artist showed at an early age and Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dali received his first drawing lessons when he was ten years old. In 1928 Dali went to Paris where he met the Spanish painters Pablo Picasso and Joan Miro. He established himself as the principal figure of a group of surrealist artists grouped around Andre Breton. By 1929 Dali had found his personal style that should make him famous - the world of the unconscious that is recalled during our dreams. The surrealist theory is based on the theories of the psychologist Dr. Sigmund Freud. Recurring images of burning giraffes and melting watches became the artist's surrealist trademarks. His great craftsmanship allowed him to execute his paintings in a nearly photo realistic style.

His paintings employed a meticulous academic technique that was contradicted by the unreal `dream' space he depicted and by the strangely hallucinatory characters of his imagery. He described his pictures as `hand-painted dream photographs' . Apart from painting, Dalí's output included sculpture, book illustration, jewelry design, and theatre works. In collaboration with the director Luis Buñuel he also made the first Surrealist films, Un Chien Andalou in 1929 and L'Age d'or. He contributed a dream sequence to Alfred Hitchcock's Spellbound in 1945.
He moved to the USA in 1940 and remained there until 1955. During this time he devoted himself largely to self-publicity; his paintings were often on religious themes such as The Crucifixion of St John of the Cross, Glasgow Art Gallery, 1951. In 1958 the artist began his series of large sized history paintings. He painted one monumental painting every year during the summer months in Lligat. The most famous one, The Discovery of America by Christopher Columbus, can be seen at the Dali Museum in St. Petersburg in Florida. It is breath- taking.

The artist's late art works combine more than ever his perfect and meticulous painting technique with his fantastic and limitless imaginations. The Salvador Dalí Museum in Cleveland was inaugurated in 1971, and the Dalinian Holographic Room opened at M. Knoedler and Co., New York, in 1973. In 1980 a major Dalí retrospective was held at the Musée National d?Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, in Paris, and his work was exhibited at the Tate Gallery, London. The artist died on January 23, 1989, in Figueras.